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Everything Space
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Written by Universiteit Leiden
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Nov 27, 2004 at 12:12 AM |
Since last week, Professor Giorgio Frossati of Leiden University's Institute of Physics can 'listen' to gravitational waves. That is, if such a wave happens to come along. Gravitational waves originate from violent clashes between black holes in the universe and from instabilities in neutron stars.
 MiniGRAIL is the name of the first spherical gravitational wave antenna in the world. The ball was made at the Leiden Institute of Physics (LION) of Leiden University. It is the product of years of close cooperation between Frossati's research group and the technicians of the fine-mechanic and electronic workshop in the Institute. A result to be proud of, says Professor Peter Kes, LION's scientific director.
The MiniGRAIL detector is made of copper with a pinch of aluminium (6%), has a diameter of 65 cm and weighs 1150 kilos. If a gravitational wave passes by the antenna, it will transmit a very small part of its energy to the ball. Gravity waves with a frequency of circa 3000 hertz will make the ball vibrate in all kinds of different ways.
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Medicine & Health
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Written by Business Wire
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Nov 22, 2004 at 04:24 AM |
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MELBOURN, England--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Nov. 22, 2004-- A breakthrough technology that enables liquid medication to be inhaled through the lungs with as much as 90 percent efficiency and used in a recently launched medical device is set to be more widely used for a range of liquid and dense suspension drugs. Cambridge (UK) based The Technology Partnership (TTP), Europe's leading independent technology development and licensing company, has announced it is working with a number of international companies to commercialize its electronic aerosol technology. Called TouchSpray(TM), this technology is the basis of the new eFlow(R) Electronic Nebulizer revealed recently by PARI (headquarters in Starnberg, Germany), a worldwide leader in efficient aerosol delivery and pharmaceutical formulation development.  | | Breakthrough technology from The Technology Partnership enables liquid medication to be inhaled through the lungs with as much as 90 percent efficiency - with significant implications for treatment of chronic respiratory conditions such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and other similar conditions. In addition, pharmaceutical companies can deliver other more delicate compounds and formulations using inhalation. (PHOTO: Business Wire) |
TTP also announced today a further breakthrough of its TouchSpray technology called 'Reverse Taper TouchSpray(TM)', which enables fluids containing very dense suspensions of insoluble compounds to be administered using an inhaler device. The TouchSpray technology has significant implications for the treatment of chronic respiratory conditions such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and other similar conditions. However, it also has implications beyond this that will allow pharmaceutical companies to deliver other more delicate compounds and formulations using the more convenient and comfortable inhalation route. (0) Comments posted about this in the forum |
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Everything Biology
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Written by Informnauka
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Nov 06, 2004 at 07:35 PM |
Researchers of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Plant Cultivation, Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences (St. Petersburg) jointly with their colleagues from Germany and Finland have grown up new lines of Solanum cultivated plants via the somatic hybridization method – hybrids of wild species of plants of the Solanum family with cultivars of tomato and potato, that posess new useful properties.
Potato and tomato – the plants that occupy the honorary place in the menu of mankind – belong to the Solanum family. So do multiple wild species inhabiting Mexico, they are inedible, but possess the qualities interesting to selectionists, such as disease and vermin stability, salt-tolerance, psychrotolerance. However, this interest has remained theoretical up to recently: the majority of wild species was reluctant to interbreed with cultivars. Therefore, the researchers of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Plant Cultivation, Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences (St. Petersburg) jointly with their colleagues from Germany and Finland set about cultivating new Solanum species via the somatic hybridization method.
There exist different methods for introduction of required genes into the cultivated plant’s genome. Genetic engineering which is now much talked about is only one of them and far from being the most important if we recall the centuries-old history of selection. Interbreeding of species and lines, pollination of one plant by the pollen of the other are still used by selectionists. However, such interbreeding, particularly the interspecific interbreeding does not always work well. In the 70s-80s, a new method emerged that allowed to overcome the barrier of non-interbreeding: somatic hybridization.
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Everything Biology
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Written by Informnauka
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Nov 06, 2004 at 07:30 PM |
Way out exists even from the most desperate situations. Water mollusca prove that statement. At first sight, they are absolutely unable to live without water, as they consist almost totally from water. However, this is only at first sight. Russian scientists have analyzed their data and the data from their colleagues who observed mollusca on the banks of various water bodies and have discovered the adaptation mechanisms these animals employ to live without water.
Water mollusca are used to being constantly thrown out by sea-waves on the shore, or the imminent high tide “forgets†to take mollusca along with it, or the native lake can dry up. Mollusca got accustomed to that and elaborated a lot of accommodation mechanisms that allow to survive on land for a long time – for up to a year. However, the term depends on atmospheric temperature: the higher the temperature is, the less chances the animal has to survive. Mollusca's adaptation mechanisms were investigated by researchers of the Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences.
The water mollusc that remained on land has to solve two major problems: to retain moisture and to breathe in unusual conditions. While the mollusc is only starting to dry off, it is actively crawling and collecting food in reserve if it is available (it should be noted that even the mollusca that normally can only swim are crawling in these conditions). But moisture should be preserved for respiratory surface, otherwise the mollusc will be unable to breathe, therefore, some time later it passes to the second phase of its self-rescue. Special viscous liquid is excreted, the origin of the liquid is still unknown to researchers. The liquid serves as lubricant and does not allow the animal to dry up. To intensify the effect of water-retaining lubricant, some mollusca bunch into packs of 3 to 6 individuals and hide under stones, in the rock cracks – i.e., in the shadow.
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